The Saka[a] were a group of nomadic Eastern Iranian peoples who lived in the Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin from the 9th century BC to the 5th century AD.[5][6] The Saka were closely related to the Scythians, and both groups formed parts of the wider Scythian cultures.[7] However, the two groups have differing specific geographical and cultural traits.[6][8] The Saka languages formed part of the Scythian phylum, a branch of the Eastern Iranian languages.Siddhartha Gautama,[e] most commonly referred to as the Buddha (lit. 'the awakened one'),[4][f][g] was a wandering religious teacher who lived in the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains during the 6th or 5th century BCE[5][6][7][c] and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist legends, he was born in Lumbini, in what is now Nepal,[b] to royal parents of the Shakya clan, but renounced his home life to live as a wandering ascetic.[8][h] After leading a life of mendicancy, asceticism, and meditation, he attained nirvana at Bodh Gaya i...
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